Service HandbookHP Apollo 9000 Series 400Models 400dl, 400t, 425t, 400s, 425s, 433sOrder No. A1630-90#9Manufacturing No. A1630-90614E!!i!iHEWLETTPACKA
Memory Module Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30HP-UX Compatible Mode Error Messages . . . . . 4-33“UNEXPECTED” Error Messages . . .
Figure 4-19 shows the voltages for a storage deviceconnector on themotherboard.●●●●+12VdcGroundGround+5VdcFigute 4-19. System Unit Motherboard Mass St
Calendar Battery Checkout for Model 400s, 425s, and 433sSystems That Use Domain Compatible ModePerform the followingsteps with the systempower off1. T
Memory Module FailuresFigure 4-21 showshow the memory modules are numbered.Highest Addressed ModuleOAOB1AIB2A2B3A3BLowest Addressed ModuleFigr.m4-21.
lible 4-5. ModeJ 400t, 425t, and 400dl Memoty Addnxres vs. Memoty BlockMemoq Addresses 98229-66520 98229-66521 98229-66S23Upper Lower ‘IWOModules ‘Mo
Table 4-6. Model 400s, 425s, and 433s Memoty Addms.sesVS,Memoy BlockBlock Memory Addresses98229-6652198229-66524UpperLower‘IWOModules ‘IWOModulesAddre
HP-UX Compatible Mode Error Messages‘UNEXPECTED” Error MessagesSeveml “UNEXPECTED failure messagesmaybe displayedat any time. Whenthe CPU exeeutesan i
Table 4-7. UNEXPECTED USE OF (addmr.r)Failute Me.r.rager3 Hex LSDSFFAFF4FEaFE2FDcFD6FCAFC4FBEFB2FACFA6FAOF9AF3A - F94F34F2EmF22FICEEC - F16EE6EEOUnexp
Diagnostics5This chapter describes how to run offline diagnosticsfor Domain/OS andHP-UX systems.Mnemonic Debugger Self ‘I&t DiagnosticsPerform the
Running the Continuous Self Test DiagnosticsPerform the followingsteps to run the Continuous Self Test diagnostics1. LOSout and stop any user processe
T&le 5-2. Se/f Tat LED FRU CodesLEDDisplay(iNlmmnoIIoIIIIoIIIIIIIIII—=IHHHIIHHHIoomHHHlIHmmHHlOIIHH!HHHIDMHHHHHIIm!HHHmImHlolilollOUHHIUHIllumHHHl
Chapter 9ReferenceInstallation Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1Service Manuals,. ..,!.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .09-1
HP-UX Boot ROM Test DiagnosticsThissection provides the followinginformation about HP-UX systems. LED displaysand messagesfor Self Tat errom● Boot ROM
Table 5-3. Genend Ftilute Code Description (Upper Two Bits Fail Indicator)Upper2 Bits Fail Indicator LEDCodeand FailureDescriptionState indications on
Table 5-4. Geneml Fdum Code Descriptions (Lower Two Bits Fd Indicator).ower2 BitsFail IndicatorLED Code and Failure DescriptionState indicationsonly:Q
.T&le 5-5. Boot ROM LED Stafe and Fdum Coder.EDs State/FailureLEDs State/FailureLEDs State/Failure0 Nofailure.O Riled CPUoTestin theo0 register te
T&le 5-5. Boot ROM LED Faihm Codes (Cont.)LEDs State/Failure LEDs State/FailureLEDs State/Failure0Not enough mem-0 Failure0 Failure~ ory to loadO
Boot ROM MessagesTable5-6 andTable5-7listthemess~esdisplayed for Boot ROM functions.Each message is explained and, if requtred, a procedure to resolve
Table 5-6. Boot ROM Displayed Status Messages(Cont.)DkplayedMessage MeaningandWhatto DoMC68030 Processor MCdS030 CPU identified.llCt?8882 CoProcessor
Table 5-7 listsand explainsthe messagesdis Iayed for Boot ROM failures.ItYalso indicates proeedur~ to resolve the prob ems.T&le 5-7. BootROM Di.rp
Table 5-7. Boot ROM Displayed Fdum Me.srageJ(Cont.))isplayed Message Meaning and What to DoYSTEU NOT FOUNDSelected opxating system notfound onmassstor
Using the Boot ROM Test Mode for HP-UX SystemsPerform the followingsteps to select and run self Testson HP-UX systems.1.23.4.When our display’slastlin
Figures1-11-23-13-23-33-43-53-63-73-83-93-1o3-113-123-133-143-153-163-173-18HP Apollo Model 400t, 425t, or 400dlWorkstation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the HP-UX ce.utilitiesPerform the followingsteps to select andrun ce.utilities on HP-UX systems.1.23.4.5.6.7.5-14If not alreadyconnected, cmnnee
●8. Ifyouwant to listthe filenames for a specificce.utilitytest in a newfile,typethe followingcommand:Iifcp -r /dev/dn”ve:filenamel - I cpio -ictv [ &
VME Type the followingcommand and a readme tile appears on thescreen.more vme_README <Return>EC!C Tjpe the followingcommands for information on
. Peripherals6●Refer to the HP Apollo 9000Series 400Support Matrix and the HP Apollo 9000Workstation Configuration Guide for a complete listing of per
Field Replaceable Units7This chapter lists Field Replaceable Units (FRUs) for the Series 4(HJsystems.Refer to the appropriate section for illustrated
Table 7-1. Model 400t, 425t, and 400dl System Unit FRUS—ExchangeItem DescriptionNew Part No. Part No.Top CoverA1630-62fl17: Side BezelA1630-4MM93Memor
Table 7-1. Model 400t, 425t, and 400dl System Unit FRUS(Cont.)ExchangeItem DescriptionNew Part No. Part No.18Floor Stand5041-2467Screws,Floor Stand429
Model 400s, 425s, and 433s System UnitsThis section listsField Replaceable Units (FRUs) for the Model 40Qs,425s,and433sworkstations. Figure 7-2 showst
Table 7-3. ModeJ 400s, 425s, and 433s Mai”nSystem Unit P& Numbetz(Refer to Figure 7-2)Item DescriptionNewPartNo. ExchangePart No.PowerSupply0950-2
●●●3-193-203-213-223-233-244-14-24-34-44-54-64-74-84-94-1o4-114-124-134-144-154-164-174-184-19HP A1449A 0.25-in. QIC 60 MBTape Drive . . . . . . . . .
Table 7-3. Model 400s, 425s, and 433s Main System Unit Pan Numbers(Cont.)(Rejir to Figure 7:2)[ternI DWSiDtiOnINewPart No..13 Chassis(old)5M11-9066Cha
Figure 7-3 shows the parts of the DIO-11 card ca e. Match the numbers in this%efigure to Table 7-4 for descriptions and part num rs.Figute 7-3. Modd 4
Fi~re 74 shows the arts of the lSAfEISA card cage. Match the numbers in!ths figure to Table 7- for descriptions and part numbers.Figwe 7-#. Model 400s
Diagrams8This chapter provides functional block diagrams of the Series 4CI0syWemunits.Model 400t, 425t, and 400d1 System Unitsl%issectionprovidesfunct
.:,:.,.th.>, . . .. ::. .,, . . ...a ~A~. . . . .;+Ji. . . .f’-.- .L‘“‘“‘“F!!S!?WIWh-tshest.wDLsk(s),IntenkdOpnorLslScsl Oevk.?.sminldfi orwl MN---
Imwwafwbvi&uelmlSlwahr❑I .1 :.: “ 1~--0’’’”=-010IIS&l~..“.:iFi@m 8-2. Mode/ 400dl System Unit Functional Block D@umDiagrams8-3
Model 400s, 425s, and 433s System UnitsThis section provides functional block diagrams of the Model 400s,42Ss,and433ssystem units.w‘-””---”-- 11l%%%,.
S-8swetie!a
Lm ...,’.2-W7O1o-11‘li&l&k&jwii”’;aukplmm.,.,...!...,,.: .,,,77,,,,i ,. .. ;.,a-alolDlo-uaackplmmHO‘iii;:I aiofags~““’””’””oI
4-204-215-17-17-27-37-48-18-28-38-48-58-6Calendar Battery Message , . . . . . . . .Memory Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sample Boot ROM Self-
ReferenceThis chapter lists Series 400-related documentation.Installation ManualsRefer to Table 9-1 for Series W)-related installation doeumenation.Ta
Reference ManualsRefer to Table 9-3 for Series 4Q0-relatedreference doeumenation.T&le 9-3. Series400 RefenmceManualsPart NumberD-2685-B9859MO080D-
@ Service NotesPlace seMce notes here.●@10-.. ..A .
IOrder Number A1630-90009tllllll1lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll1llllllllllllllllll31$lt630-90 Giq%
Tables1-11-22-12-22-32-42-53-13-23-33-44-14-24-34-44-54-64-7Winchester Disk Drive SpecificationsModel 400s, 425s, and 433sWorkstation Internal Mass St
s-15-25-35-45-55-65-77-17-27-37-47-59-19-29-3.MD Status LED Codes . . . . . . . . . . . .Self Test LED FRU Codes . . . . . . . . .General Failure Code
Product Information1Part 1 Model 400t, 425t, and 400dlThe followingsections describe the Model 4(Mlt,42.5t,and 4tMdlsystems.Model 400t and 425t Overvi
The Model 400tand 42StCPU boards contain the followingbuilt-in I/Ointerfaces●●●●●●●Domain keyboardHP-HIL keyboard and input deviceRS232 expandable wit
Figm 1-1. HP Apollo Model 400t, 425t, or 400dl WokstatwnPhysical ConfigurationsModel 400t,42St,and 400dlsystemsconsist of three physicalunits● System
NOTICE~ ktfOmSSHOfIcontelnedinthledocument is subjacf10changewlfhoufnotloa,tiEWLtEfT-PACKARDMAKESNOWARRANWOF ANYI(JNDWITHREGARDTOTHISMANUAL,INCLULSlNt
System UnitThe Model 4(NMand 425t systemunits wttains the followingcomponen~● CPU board. Memory boards● Winchester disk drive@). Graphics controller b
The ITR HP 46021Akeyboard connectsto the systemunit via a detachable cordwhich islabeled at both ends. One end of the cord is Ia&led with a single
Part2 Model 400s, 425s, and 433sThe followingsections describe the Model 4Ms, 42Ss,and 433ssystems.Overview~wetiModel4(Kksystem uses the MC6S030microp
the HP 46021Ake”board and other HP-HIL devices.Thes terns also can in-●Jrelude one to four isk drives. The displayoptions are the fo lowing● Monochrom
Figure 1-2. HP Apollo Model 400s, 425s, or 433s System1-8 Product Information
●AccessoryCards/BoardsThe followingsections list the available DIO and AT-compatible accessoryboards that are available for Model 4(N)s,42Ss,and 433ss
Supported AT-Compatible Accessory BoardsModel 40fk,42Ss,and 433ssystem units that run Domain/OS support the follow-ing AT-compatible aeeeasoryboards●
● EISA Model 42Ssor 433ssptems have an additional 4-slot EISA back-plane that includes support for the Apollo Token Ring network board.. Mode]425s and
KeyboardsModel 400s,42Ss,and 433ss terns that run the Domain/OS operating systemr●use the Domain low-profile eyboard.Systemsthat run the HP-UX operati
Environmental/Installation/PM 2Model 400t, 425t, and 400d1 System UnitsThe followingsections list the environmental specifications,installation docu-m
● Printing HistoryNew editions of this manual incorporate all material updated since the previous●edition. Update packages ma be issuedbetween edition
SafetyUL 1950with D3 deviations at 55 degrees CCSA 222 Number 220-M 1986(self certify)IEC950/EN60950with Nordic deviations at 55 degrees CEMKO TUE (74
Model 400s, 425s, and 433s System UnitsThe followingsections list the environmental specifications,installation dcxu-mentation, and preventive mainten
Electromagnetic Interference● FCC ClassA● nZ 1046Level B● VCCI class 1Safety● UL 1950with D3 deviations at 55 degrees C. GA 22.2Number 220-M 1986(self
● Cotilguration3This chapter rovideaconfiguration information for Series 400workstations andworkstation I&Us.●Workstation and System Unit Configur
or------A— ---- J .--—Imnoael 4UUS, 4z5s, ana 433sCPU Board-c/~Clock Speed Jumper ●(25 MHz Setting Shown)/u\Figwe 3-1. Jumper Conjiguratiorarfor CPU B
n811GraphicsSelectionJumper\(ColorGraphicsSetting)/EtherLANp \lc)c)oooooclool)=il1Jumper Is shown In AUIposition.)Clock Speed Jumper ●(25 MHz Setting
Table 3-1. Jumper Configurations for CPU Board Clock S’dModel4c#dlMOOt425tJ425s425t1425s425s433s433sIntegratedGraphics?NoNoNoYesNoYesEDC LabelAssy Rev
HP A1416A VRX Color Graphics ControllerFigure 3-3 shows the default switch configuration for the VRX Color Gra hicarController board. For alternative
HP A1096A VRX Monochrome Graphics ControllerFigure 3-4 show the “umperlocations for the VRX Monochrome GraphicaI●Controller board. Tab e 3-2 lists the
802.5 Network Controller-ATFigure 3-5 shows the standard jumrr configuration for the 802.5Network Con-troller-A’I Figure 3-6 shows the a temate jum r
Emissions RegulationsFederal Communications Commission (FCC)T#oFederal Communications Commission of the U.S. government regulates the9uency energy ema
•1/ DRQ/lRQ \ / [ 1:x /,% ‘(‘ ‘~’“u’Cp)>000DINTERRUPTiv123 ~000 000000oo~ooom00000 0000 000007 e15~ . . . . .. .JA1=280 ~2=2903=2A0 l=pRl4=2C0 2= S
●Apollo Token Rhg Network Controller-ATF$ure3-7 shows the standard “umpersettings for the first or only Apollo TokenRmg Network Controller-AT i re 3-8
WI1\00-W1 ~ W2~@ 1/0AddressSpace 240- 25~ 340- 35FFigzus 3-8. Alternate Apollo Token Ring Netwotk Controller-AT Jumper Settings●●●3-1oConfiguration
,PC Coprocessor BoardFigure3-9 shows the standard jumper confi~rations for the PC Coprocessorboard. Fi@rm&O shows the alternate jumper configurati
Rodime 200 MB Disk DriveFigure 3-11 she% the jumper configurations for the Rodime 200 MB Winches-ter Disk Drive.RodlmeDrive(Rear View)ko● ● MSBd● 0● ●
Quantum 200 MB and 400 MB Disk Drive●Figure 3-12 shows the jumper confiYrations for the 200MB and 400 MB Quan-tum disk drives. If present, remove t e
Hewlett-Packard 400 MB Disk Drive~ re 3-13 showsthejumper configurations for the 400 MB Hewlett-Paeicardrdis drive. If present, remove the terminators
HP 1442A 330 and HP A1443A 660 MB Disk Drive●Figure 3-14 shows the jumper configurations for the HP 330 MB and 660 MBdisk drives.Rear View●●MNot usedo
Micropolis 660 MB and 1.3GB Disk DrivesFi re 3-15 shovtsthe jumper confi rations for the Micro@is 660 MB and 1.3l!’G~d~k drives.If prescn+ remove t e
Mlcronolls 660-MB and 1.3-GB Drive.(Bottom View)r,IEl0‘oillEl1111‘o~=i=Pack TerminatorFijpoe 3-16. M~topolk 660 MB and 1.3 SCSI TenninutorLocationsCon
VCCI Class 1 ITE EquipmentEmissions Regulations ComplianceAny third-party I/O deviee installed in HP Apollo system(s)must be in aeeor-danee with the r
Hewlett-Packard 1.3 GB Disk DriveFIgure 3-17 shows the jumper configurations for the Hewlett-Paekard 1.3GBHard Disk Drive. If present, remove the SCSI
Hewlett-Packard 1.3-C3B Drive(Bottom View)❑•1•1‘*’Single In-1ineTerminatorsFigwe 3-18. Hewlett-Packard 1.3 GB SCSI Terminator LocationsConfiguration 3
HP A1449A 0.25-in. QIC 60-MBFigure 3-19 showsthe jumper configurations for the QIC 60-MB Tape Drive,Rear View00= O,Open.Immool .wPinSetFunction: 1= Ju
HP A1448A CD-ROM DriveFigure 3-Xt shows the iumper configurations for the CD-ROM drive.Rear View!=Switch UpSwitchFunction and Settings1,2,4SCSI ID add
HP A1447A DAT Tape DriveFigure 3-21 showsthe jumper eontigurations for the DAT tape drive,Ir1IIIBottom ViewPT21OI= 1, JumperedSideViewn=no= O,OpenoPin
●Series 400 Systems EEPROMThe EEPROM stores the node ID?the network priority, and at SR1O.3PSK8)Lthe bus clock speed used by Domam compatibles terns.
Figure3-22. &moving the EEPROM (Model 400t, 425t, and 400aY)●●●3-24 Configuration
—CPU Board withIntegrated GraphIce/Fi@te 3-23. Removing lhe EEPROM (Model 400s, 425s, and 433s)Configuration3-25
Replacing a Defective EEPROMFi re 3-24 showshow to remove the EEPROM from the Model 4tHlt,425t,or&I systemunit without removing the CPU board. To
When you replace a failed EEPROM, or if the EEPROM has been corrupted,perform the appropriate bulleted step● For systemsthat use Domain Compatible mod
AcousticsRegulation On Noise Declaration for Machines -3. GSGVLpa c 70dBJ-pa c70dBoperator position am Arbeitsplatznormal o nation?%normaler Betriebpe
~onflguring the EEPROM on HP-UX CompatibleMode SystemsThisseetion explainshow to confi re the EEPROM for the boot mode, autoPsystemselect, and integra
●Auto System Select Mode for HP-UX CompatibleMode SystemsPerform the followingsteps to use the Auto SystemSelect mode●1.●3.4.5.6.7.●●●If you have alre
IInternal 1/0 Configuration Mode for HP-UX CompatibleMode SystemsThis seetion explains how to configure the built-in interfaces under Bmt ROMcontrol b
●Changing1/0 ConfigurationPerform1.●2●[email protected] followingsteps to change an interfatx configurationIf you have already booted an operating sy
Configuring the EEPROM on Domain CompatibleMode SystemsThis section deseribes how to select Domain Compatible mode, netwmk riority,●and clockspeed for
A. If you see the followingdisplay(the undefined mode display),godirectly to Step 5.Copyright 1990,Configuration ControlHewlett-PackardCompany,Keys Mo
3.4.5.6.7.8.3-34Perform Substep A for systemswith a Boot R~M revisionof 2.0orgreater. Perform Substep B for systemswith a Boot ROM retilon lessthan 20
Selecting the Primary NetworkPerform the followingsteps to select the primary network for the system. If youare selecting a primary network for a disk
Selecting the System Clock SpeedDomain/OS and SAX rel on the system clockspeed that is stored in theiEEPROM to mn correct . You must load the correct
Found disk device: SCSI Disk ctlr 6, unit olow: FFC80000 high: FFC81S54 start: FFC80EA8Config Utility (Offline), Rev x.x : Built Uonth dd, yeartineCur
ContentsChapter 1Product InformationPart 1Part2Model 400t, 425t, and 400dlModel 400t and 425t Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1Mode1400d10vervi
Connecting lkrminals to Domain CompatibleMode SystemsYoucan troubleshoot a Domain Compatible mode system that has displayprob-lems by connecting a ter
●You are now ready to connect a cable from S10 line 1on the EMTs tern to anrS10 port on the system that you need to access.You need to use an S-232ext
● Troubleshooting4~n~ cha ~ rovides information about isolating a failing Field Replaceable●d ~be flowchartsare logicallystmctured help you run dia no
lkoubleshooting Flowchartsfor Domain Model%is seetion providea flowcharts(Figure 4-1 through Figure 4-9,)that route youthrough a series of standard tr
Figute 4-1. Main Flowcluui (Cont.)Troubleshooting 4-3
I8SlarlCheck the Powersupply OutpulcCheckF@wr LEDClrcwl-J-’d!D*Checkac In.pulsupplycCheckPower-On%ltch ClrcuRQv&e’rl#.kt.kFigure4-14I I1(Figwe 4-2
ReplacaIEOBoerdorcebleTtiT%#i@yIReplaceFtmwrCW,@Me orMolherboerdReplacem supplyFigure4-3. Model 400s System Power LED Not OnTroubleshooting4-5
QSi811InSelUce Mode+0ALJRePIece1.%ver [email protected] 44. &main K@oard PtvbIemsTroubleshooting
●●FStartInServlm ModeProseR-SwltchI●I IIPteee<RMJRN>IYccm_cmN+v8&N0d&Flgwe 4-1DSertoNormelModePreeeRESr3.%lrChUwWReplew1. MoniIerwc3ble(
Chapter 2Environmental/Installation/PMModel 400t, 425t, and 400dl System Units . . . . 2-1Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Regu
GEaEoc4PMrlerTrwMeslWPartnerTroubleshootNfleplacaReplacet4eIwM Bawd+cPu/MotherboardIIwiry NodeCmplwsPlgure4-1Figure4-6.4-aTroubleshootingDiskle.wNode
QStaII InServiceMndaQB“RunSST(w only)onEntireIXskR81XudFalllngRun~BackUPUsw FilesBootimnlRunSST4Allemaliw oevic4~ ~$vv~BackupUswFiles41 IFigure4-7. Pr
J-_CheckCelendef[uw-~eCheckoulWUre)1 !Figute 4-8. Ptvblems While Booting4-1oTtouble.shooting
QSlsliVku.sllyInspeuNetwwkCabn4sg10thisNodeMekeAnyFlsesoChecllCebleConnectIonsA@RswfmscltONelwcskEl+tiaw.syssemMmlnletremsNNelwo&Tmut4eshooislayup
HP-UX ‘J.koubleshooting Flow ChartsThis section ~rovides flowchartsthat route you through a series of standardtroubleshooting procedures for Series 40
0BChaok The FOIIOWIWI:C-k Tha Followlng:1. Interface Cables 1. S&a&&~ IAN2. Mas~~wa$2. server And ItsTheir FllasMass Storage3. S&~m#MY
●Refer To Troubfeshodng HP-UX Systsma,Chapter 5; “Error Dlagncds and R~wY”.●●Refer To HFWJX System Adminktrator Tasks,Chapter 5.Load And RunSaries 300
Checkout Procedures for Model 400t, 425t, and400dl SystemsThis section deseribeshow to check the power supplyoutput to the system unitand how to check
Power Supply Verification for the Model 400t, 4254 and400dl Systems●Note the followin information about the power supplyoperation before you?perform t
●1.2.●3.●4.Make sure that the system power is off and that the power cord isunplugged.Remove the system cover.If connected, disconnect the system from
Configuring the EEPROM on HP-UX●Compatible Mode Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Boot Mode Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Au
Continue on with Step 5, Step 6, or Step 7, depending on the configuration ofthe dc output voltages.5. I&h;t~~soutput voltages are not present at
●6. If the dc output voltagesare present at JW4, but not within tolerance,perform the followingsixstepx—A.●B.c.D.E.I?Power off the system and unplug t
Table 4-3. l%wer-On LED CircuitFRU Pin Numbetslb Check ThisFRUCheck for Continuity SkhmmThese W ConnectorsiFltuConnector Pin to Connector PinCPU Board
Winchester Disk Power Checkout for the Model 400t and425t System UnitsPerform the followingsteps to check the voltagessupplied to the disk drives. You
Calendar Battery Checkout for Model 4004 425t, and 400dlSystems That Use Domain Compatible ModePerform the followingsteps with the system power off.1.
Checkout Procedures forand 433s System Unitsthe Model 400s, 425s,This section explains how to troubleshoot the power supply and calendar batte~on Mode
o 0J--=!1.khtfurTest pointsare accessiblethroughthetopventholesInthe chaseis after the topcover hasbeenremoved.Figure4-15. System Unit CPU Board Volta
c.D.E.Switch the systemunitpoweroff,remoye the power su ply screws,[and slide the power supplyout about 3 inches. Switch t e power onand ‘e=ure’hew’ta
Main Power Distribution Cable ConnectorsThe in numbem on the large connector of the main power distribution cableEare t e same as the ins on the wer s
RearofConnector●6●5●4●3E●2●13●12●11●10clip●91i●✘●7IIPin123456789101112Voltage+12V+12VGroundGroundGroundNPU Reset+12V+12VGroundGround-12v-5 vFi~re 4-17
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